Month: April 2025

By Vijay Jayaraj

In the middle of the calm backwaters of Allepsey in southern India, where Emerald Waters weaves through coconut groves, a dish is created that embodies the soul of the coastal india – Fish Moileee. The dish is a representation of the Indian maritime bounty and is a golden masterpiece of silky coconut cream, tender fish and fragrant spices that are perfectly cooked.

However, the star of the show is the fish. As in many countries, India is blessed with huge excursions of marine waters. The most important are the Indian Ocean, the Bay of Bengal and the Arab Sea. I grew up on three sides of salt water and was always fascinated by the culture of fishing, which maintains the livelihood of 30 million in others.

Today fishing is flourishing on the subcontinent. Fish landings are robust, the aquaculture is booming and the data pour cold water onto the overheated rhetoric of environmental collapse. Let us immerse yourself in the numbers and science that prove that the fish do not succumb to a warm climate. They adapt to it.

Exactly ten years ago I was a doctoral researcher at the fishing center of the University of British Columbia, where I was mainly understood by understanding the evolutionary genetics of marine life and various threshold values ​​of adjustments to different environments, especially climate change.

In contrast to the media tr in the apocalypse, I found that fish are very resilient and that no crisis from climatic variations are exposed. In its 2024 report on “The State of World Fisheries and Agriculture”, the United Nation's food and agricultural organization (FAO) states that “fishing and aquaculture production has reached an all-time high of 223.2 million tons (in 2022) worth $ 472 billion.

The east coast of the USA and the Gulf of America recorded a modest and selective increase in fish landings in 2022 and 2023. The data show that “the production of fishing has remained largely unchanged for decades” despite the reported concerns about climate change.

Fish in the wild and in the aquaculture “were about 15% of animal protein supply and reached over 50% in several countries in Asia and Africa”.

These are great news because every year malnutrition and a lack of protein kill millions of children and adults. In 2023, India's seafish landings reached 3.55 million tons, compared to the 3.51 million tons of 2022 and a full increase of almost 16% compared to the 3.06 million tons of 2021.

And there will be no shortage in the future. The worldwide “water production of the aquatic animals is expected to increase by 2032 by 10% to reach 205 million tons”, with aquaculture expansion and fishing fishing for most of the rise in production.

The climate change, we were told, will make fish breeding impossible: warmer waters breed diseases, disturb the brutz cycles and transform ponds into dead zones. However, the FAO reports that aquaculture in tropical regions such as Southeast Asia and India is growing, where the temperatures are already high.

Warm types of water such as anchovy and anchovies – backbone of the Indian fishing – thrive at temperatures that would make a polar cod -blanch. India's tropical waters with an average of 77 – 80 degrees Fahrenheit are a sweet spot for these shares, and the landings of 2023 are out.

In the states of Andhra Pradesh and Kerala, the Brack water grain breeding is a gold mine, with exports in billions. The farmers do not wake their hands over CO2. They optimize food, monitor the water quality and breed harder trunks.

So why the endless plaintiff over dying oceans? It's not about evidence; It's about ideology. Alarmism receives clicks, subsidies and political clout. Stories about “Fischless Sea until 2048” ignore relaxation trends and push alarmism. Activists reinforce the sound and cherry-picking data to exceed anti-fishing.

Yes, oceans face challenges. But the narrative of the inevitable collapse does not serve science or society. It distracts solvable problems such as plastic waste and destruction of the habitat, while it is demonizing carbon dioxide that enrich the earth green and aquatic food chains.

India's delicious coconut fish -Curry is not representative of the refusal to climate, but the fertility of nature – a memory that human ingenuity and resilience of nature can coexist. As global fishing records, we replace fear with facts and apocalyptic rhetoric with implementable responsibility. It seems that the fish is going well.

This comment was published for the first time [your]News on April 9, 2025.

Vijay Jayaraj is science and research assistant at the CO2 coalition in Arlington, Virginia. He has an MS in environmental sciences from the University of East Anglia and a postgraduate degree in energy management from Robert Gordon University in Great Britain and a Bachelor engineering from Anna

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Thanks to the Apollo missions and countless robot researchers, our understanding of the physical conditions, the composition and the geological history of the moon has been considerable. For example, the analysis of moon rocks, regolith and seismic measurements of the interior structure of the moon led to the theory that the earth and the moon formed about 4.5 billion years ago. Since the turn of the century, the missions have also shown that there is water on the moon, most of which consist of ice in permanently shaded regions (PSRS) around the poles.

In order to learn more about the moon and to ensure long -term habitability, missions are required that can explore the surface. This is the recommendation that a team of researchers created in a recently carried out study in which the possibility is examined to use a robot – a numerous moon research with autonomous underground robots) – to perform these tasks. These missions could be able to research one of the most promising environments for future moon bases and habitats and at the same time reveal more about the formation, development and properties of the moon.

The research was carried out by Adrian Stoica, Jared Long-Fox and Brian Wilcox. While Stoica and Wilcox are researchers with Lunasol Space LLC and California-based organic fuel company Marine Bioenergy Inc. (biography), Long-Fox is a planetary research scientist for the Center for Lunar & Asteroid Surface Studies (Class) at the University of Central Florida (UCF) and ASA Space Technology Research opportunities (NASA Space Technology Research Possibilities (NASA Space Technology).

Lava tubes and recesses on the moon have become an important focus in recent years. Based on the data received by several Orbiters, Lander and Rover, scientists have learned that these characteristics – hopefully to the earth – are significantly larger on the moon. On earth, lava watches cross the diameter of 30 meters not over 30 meters. Due to the lower gravity of the moon, scientists estimated that these characteristics could measure 385 m (1,260 ft) or more in diameter.

Like lava tubes on Earth, some moon tubes are accessible thanks to collapsed sections, which are referred to as the “skylight”. As part of their long -term visions for the exploration and development of moon farms, NASA and other space agencies (especially China) consider to establish habitats in these tubes in order to use the protection they offer. This includes warmer temperatures (~ 20 ° C, 70 ° F) and natural shielding in front of extreme temperature fluctuations, the vacuum of the room and the micrometeoroids.

In order to achieve this and to learn more about the properties of the moon, the composition and geological history of the moon, NASA and other space agencies need special missions to explore these characteristics. As Long-Fox was announced by email today, your concept for an underground robot would enable all of this by being able to interact both directly with the surface and the underground regolith:

“Just like on Earth, the different layers (stratigraphy) tell the history of the area in which they are. There is no wind or flowing water on the moon, so that the main processes that shape the surface are.

As part of his study, the team examined several methods to worth the robots, design considerations and potential applications and advantages of this mission. The result was her Pleaser concept, which requires a usable/retractable regolite probe within a snake-like robot. The snake configuration would enable the surrounding moon regolites to penetrate to measure their strength, thermal conductivity and dielectric properties. It could also dig into the surface or to bring yourself into the skylights and search for further examinations under the structures. Explained so long -foxically:

“This robot would inform the physical state of the regolith not only about geological history, but also about the presence of volatile such as water ice or the suitability of the area, which is examined for infrastructure development such as habitats, streets, start/landing pads. To score the regolith and the resistance to the serpentine movement of the robot Appreciate underground regoliths.

With regard to the power supply, the team took several options into account, including external electricity, a cable connected to a power source, a radioisotopic thermoelectric generator (RTG). and solar collectors. A design that they looked at showed solar modules that are embedded along the snake -like body (see picture above) that could be used and withdrawn. As Stoica stated:

“Solar collectors that are folded within the body and are used outside the body when the robot comes to the surface to bathe in the sun to get energy. We usually viewed a fusiform body snake/worm shape. Others have carried out studies with sand snake movements.

The team hopes that their study will contribute to creating concepts for a mobile platform that can examine the moon surface and the surface directly, regardless of whether it is the moon day and night. Robots of this kind can also search for underground areas that are better suited for the development of a moon base, a street or other infrastructure elements. As already mentioned, the scientific yields are also promising, since underground robots would create unprecedented opportunities to research the geology of the moon.

This robot could not only examine in situ Lunar -Regolith and rocks, but also use sensors such as seismometers. These would not only reveal the interior structure of the moon, but it is also notoriously difficult to use on the surface. After all, as Stoica added, these robots may one day be able to create underground tunnels that could accommodate the habitats of Moon Houses:

“[A]In the early stages, as soon as routes/tunnels (for fun you only call “artificial/fake lava tubes”), other devices would be more like surface robots. In this regard, they may be like the machines that build underground tunnels (drilling, ditch), but perhaps more in the formation of teams/raving than in a large machine. This is pure speculation at this point, no compromises were made and how many and how big they are indefinite. Although I have seen myself in my life, I am very careful when it comes to throwing words like swarms, etc.

Further reading: USA